[年报]熵基科技(301330):熵基科技股份有限公司2022年年度报告(英文版)

时间:2023年05月22日 18:42:28 中财网

原标题:熵基科技:熵基科技股份有限公司2022年年度报告(英文版)

ZKTECO CO., LTD.
2022 Annual Report
Announcement No.: 2023-033

April 2023

Innovation Traversing the Cycle
A Letter to Shareholders

2022 is the first year of listing of ZKTECO.
We are well aware that listing is a new starting point for the development of ZKTECO, but we have been given
higher expectations by our shareholders. The original intention and ideal of ZKTECO staff going public is to achieve
sustainable development and become a respected innovative global enterprise in the field of "multimodal biometrics
and multimodal computer vision". On behalf of the Board of Directors, I would like to express sincere gratitude to
all colleagues, users, partners, especially institutional and individual investors of the Company! As of December 31, 2022, ZKTECO has nearly 4,000 global employees, including over 1,100 overseas employees, 95% of whom are local people. There are 42 branches and subsidiaries in China, covering major
provinces and regions. There are 40 subsidiaries overseas, and the Company's products are sold in more than 100
countries and regions worldwide. We have established R&D centers in Bangalore, Xiamen, Dalian, and Dongguan
and Shenzhen, with over 1,100 R&D personnel. We have established manufacturing centers in China and Thailand,
and invested in the construction of the "American Manufacturing Factory Construction Project" in the United States.
In 2022, ZKTECO achieved a consolidated operating revenue of over RMB 1.9 billion, which is basically the same
as in 2021; the net profit attributable to the parent company exceeded RMB 190 million, an increase of 12.47%
compared to the same period last year. In the current complex international environment and macroeconomic
situation, overseas business has achieved stable growth, covering the gaps in insufficient domestic business growth
and ensuring the overall business stability.

Innovation Traversing the Cycle
We often say that not investing in original R&D means building a house in someone else's house. No matter
how big your business is, it will be someone else's sooner or later. Innovation driving is the driving force behind the
development of ZKTECO. In 2022, we invested nearly RMB 190 million in R&D, accounting for 9.8% of the
Company's operating revenue.
ZKTECO is engaged in the core algorithm research and entrance scene empowerment, digital identity authentication, smart office and other businesses combining multimodal biometrics and computer vision.
ZKTECO's technical team has developed core technical capabilities in technologies such as small data, multitasking,
and multimodality after years of technical accumulation. In 2022, we combined zero sample, single sample, and
small sample learning to construct a relatively unified model, and also established a multimodal artificial
intelligence (AI) research and direction of "small data and multitasking". Now, I would like to report on our
strengthened core capabilities and platform R&D over the past year: 1. Our technical team continues to invest in the research of multimodal hybrid biometric recognition algorithms:
combining traditional pattern recognition with AI algorithms, utilizing blockchain technology to unify physical and
digital iris, physical and digital fingerprint, physical and digital palm vein, physical and digital human image related
physical biometric features with digital identity recognition in two dimensions, and conducting in-depth research
on electronic payment hardware wallets.
2. We have made a substantial breakthrough in multimodal small sample offline computer vision. We have
upgraded from the traditional biometric "Who are you?" to "I not only know who you are, but also can push services
for you, interact with you according to the scene, and provide value-added services through the cool interactive
experience of digital consumers." Our new generation of digital signage is about to be loaded with ZKTECO based
BioCV pre AI capability, which empowers smart retail and catering scenarios. 3. In Bangalore, India and Xiamen, we have collaborated with Amazon to develop the next-generation Internet
of Things (IoT) platform Minerva, which we call the Minerva Platform. With its powerful End-Edge-Cloud
capabilities, it showcases excellent digital service capabilities for devices, phones, cloud services, and third-party
ecosystems. ZKTECO Interconnection, ZKTECO Cloud Commerce, and ZKTECO Cloud Chain based on the IoT platform base have been launched.

Adhering to Globalization Without Wavering
Some people say that globalization has come to an end, but we have to say that the 2.0 version of globalization
has just begun, and new opportunities for innovation/intelligent manufacturing/services to go global have arrived.
Only by possessing a modern governance system, strengthening core competitiveness and comprehensive
capabilities, focusing on long-term development, valuing stakeholder relationships, compliance and trustworthiness,
and coordinating risk management and development can teams continue to develop under the new version of
globalization. We believe that development brings challenges and challenges bring difficulties. As long as we firmly
believe that human development is the development of civilization and the continuous evolution of time and space,
globalization will definitely be the best choice for humanity. craftsmanship. If there is only one choice, we will choose the power of honesty, because honesty will continue to
elevate our self-awareness, allowing the desire for knowledge to stimulate the humility and curiosity of ZKTECO
staff, in order to drive our never-ending growth and improvement. Finally, thank all shareholders for their trust and support in the Company's management team! We will strive
to achieve good results and not disappoint all investors through the integration and development of core technology
innovation and main business innovation!

Chairman Che Quanhong

2022 Annual Report
Section I Important Notes, Contents and Definitions
The Board of Directors, the Board of Supervisors, directors, supervisors, and senior management guarantee that the information presented in this report is true, accurate and complete without any false records, misleading statements or material omissions, and will undertake individual and joint legal liabilities. The Company's legal representative, Jin Hairong, the person in charge of the accounting work, Wang Youwu, and the person in charge of accounting institution (accounting supervisor), Fang Li, hereby declare that the financial information in this report is true, accuracy, and complete. All directors have attended the board meeting to review this report. The forward-looking statements regarding future plans in this annual report , which do not constitute substantial commitments of the Company to investors. Investors are advised to pay attention to investment risks. Investors are advised to refer to the full text of this annual report and pay special attention to the content of "Section III Management Discussion and Analysis XI. Prospects for the Future Development of the Company (III) Possible Risks and Countermeasures" in this annual report.
The profit distribution proposal passed upon deliberation at the meeting of the Board of Directors is set out as follows: Based on the Company’s current total share capital of 148,492,051 shares, the Company proposed to distribute cash dividend of RMB 3.5 (tax inclusive) per each 10 shares to all shareholders, No bonus shares will be issued, and use capital reserve to increase 3 shares per each 10 shares to all shareholders.

Table of Contents

Section I Important Notes, Contents and Definitions................................................................................... 5
Section II Company Profile and Key Financial Indicators ........................................................................ 12
Section III Management Discussion and Analysis ...................................................................................... 17
Section IV Corporate Governance ............................................................................................................... 78
Section V Environmental and Social Responsibility ................................................................................ 105
Section VI Significant Events ..................................................................................................................... 109
Section VII Changes in Shares and Information about Shareholders .................................................... 135
Section VIII Information of Preferred Shares .......................................................................................... 146
Section IX Bonds.......................................................................................................................................... 147
Section X Financial Report ......................................................................................................................... 148



Documents Available for Inspection
I. Financial statements affixed with official stamps and the signatures of the Company’s legal representative, the
person in charge of accounting and the charge of accounting institution (accounting supervisor) of the Company.
II. Original of the audit report affixed with the stamp of the accounting firm as well as stamps and signatures of the
certified public accountants.
III. All original copies of the Company’s documents and the original drafts of the Company’s announcements as
disclosed on websites designated by the CSRC during the reporting period. IV. Other relevant documents.
Place for document inspection: Office of the Company's Board of Directors
Definitions

TermsRefers toDefinitions
Company, our Company, joint-stock company, ZKTECORefers toZKTECO CO., LTD.
ZKTeco TimesRefers toShenzhen ZKTeco Times Investment Co., Ltd., a controlling shareholder of the Company
ZK TIMESRefers toZK TIMES CO., LIMITED, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the controlling shareholder ZKTeco Times
JYHYRefers toShenzhen JYHY Investment Enterprise (Limited Partnership), a shareholder of the Company
JYSJRefers toShenzhen JYSJ Investment Enterprise (Limited Partnership), a shareholder of the Company
LX InvestmentRefers toDongguan LX Investment Partnership Enterprise (Limited Partnership), a shareholder of the Company
JYLXRefers toShenzhen JYLX Consulting Enterprise (Limited Partnership), a shareholder of the Company
JYQLRefers toShenzhen JYQL Investment Consulting Enterprise (Limited Partnership), a shareholder of the Company
Fuhai JuanyongRefers toShenzhen Fuhai Juanyong I Venture Investment Fund (Limited Partnership), a shareholder of the Company
Yiwu WaldenRefers toYiwu Walden Yuanjing Venture Capital Center (Limited Partnership), a shareholder of the Company
Qingdao WaldenRefers toQingdao Walden Zhongxiang Equity Investment Center (Limited Partnership), a shareholder of the Company
Guangdong ZktecoRefers toZKTECO (GUANGDONG) CO., LTD, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company
Shenzhen ZKTecoRefers toShenzhen ZKTeco Biometric Identification Technology Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company
ZKCserv TechnologyRefers toZKCserv Technology Limited Co., Ltd., a company holding 51% equity of the Company
Shenzhen ZhongjiangRefers toShenzhen Zhongjiang Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., a company holding 51% equity of the Company
XIAMEN ZKTECORefers toXIAMEN ZKTECO CO., LTD., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company
Vietnam SubsidiaryRefers toZKTECO VIETNAM TECHNOLOGY COMPANY LIMITED
Romania SubsidiaryRefers toZKTECO ROMANIA S.R.L
Zhongan Intelligent ControlRefers toShenzhen Zhongan Intelligent Control Technology Co., Ltd., previously a controlling subsidiary of the Company, with its equity in the Company transferred in 2019
Zokon IndustryRefers toShenzhen Zokon Industry Development Co., Ltd.
Ministry of Public SecurityRefers toMinistry of Public Security of the PRC
MIITRefers toMinistry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China
Company LawRefers toCompany Law of the People's Republic of China
Securities LawRefers toSecurities Law of the People's Republic of China
Articles of AssociationRefers toArticles of Association of ZKTECO CO., LTD.
A sharesRefers toRMB denominated ordinary shares
RMB, RMB '0,000Refers toRMB, RMB '0,000
Reporting PeriodRefers to2022
End of Reporting PeriodRefers toDecember 31, 2022
CVRefers toComputer Vision
TermsRefers toDefinitions
BioCVRefers toBiometrics & Computer Vision
BiometricsRefers toA computer technology that utilizes the analysis of human biological characteristics to distinguish biological organisms. It is used for personal identification by a close combination of computer technology with high- tech methods such as optics, acoustics, biosensors, and biostatistics, and utilizing the inherent physiological characteristics of the human body (fingerprints, facial features, palm veins, iris, etc.) or behavioral characteristics (sound, gait, etc.)
Computer VisionRefers toUsed to simulate biological vision using cameras, computers, and related equipment; simulate human visual abilities, capture and process three- dimensional information of the scene by using optical systems and image processing tools, understand and command specific devices to execute decisions
RF, RFIDRefers toRadio Frequency Identification (RFID), a wireless communication technology that can identify specific targets and read and write relevant data through radio signals without establishing mechanical or optical contact between the identification system and specific targets
Internet of Things/IoTRefers toUsed to connect any object to the network by using information sensing devices and following agreed protocols. The object exchanges and communicates information through information dissemination media to achieve intelligent recognition, positioning, tracking, supervision, and other functions
GA/T 1012-2019 Technical Specifications for Fingerprint collection and Comparison of Resident Identity CardRefers toThe national standard for resident identity cards issued by the Ministry of Public Security in 2019, stipulating the requirements for fingerprint collection and comparison of resident identity cards, as well as the technical indicators and testing methods of fingerprint algorithms
GA450-2013 General Technical Requirements for Desktop Readers of the Resident ID CardRefers toThe national standard for general technical requirements of ID card readers issued by the Ministry of Public Security in 2013, stipulating the technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of desktop ID card readers
GA/T1011-2012 General Technical Requirements for Fingerprint Capture Device of the Resident ID CardRefers toThe national standard for General Technical Requirements for Fingerprint Capture Device of the Resident ID Card issued by the Ministry of Public Security in 2012, stipulating the technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of ID card fingerprint capture devices
2nd-Generation ID Card, Resident ID CardRefers to2nd-Generation Resident ID Card
IC CardRefers toIntegrated Circuit Card, also known as Smart Card, having functions such as read-write, large capacity, and encryptability. It is mainly used in smart card systems, consumption systems, etc.
SMEDRefers toSingle Minute Exchange of Die, a process improvement method that minimizes the product die exchange time, production startup time, or adjustment time of the die. It can significantly shorten the time required for machine installation and die exchange setting
MiddlewareRefers toA type of software that lies between application systems and system software. It uses the basic services and functions provided by system software to connect various parts or different applications of application systems on the network, achieving the goal of resource and function sharing
SaaSRefers toSoftware as a Service, a software application model that provides software services through the Internet
CTIDRefers toCyber Trusted Identity, an authoritative network identity certificate issued to individuals by the "Internet+" trusted identity authentication platform (CTID Platform)
ZigBeeRefers toA wireless network protocol for low speed short distance transmission
TermsRefers toDefinitions
IP65Refers toA protection level for electrical equipment casings against foreign object intrusion, which can completely prevent dust from entering and wash with water without any harm
PUSHRefers toThe active push technology on the server side, enabling the timely transmission of data updates, which is characterized by high efficiency and low terminal energy consumption
MRP ModeRefers toMaterial Requirement Planning, the process in which a production enterprise gradually derives the production and procurement plans for the components, raw materials, and other materials required for the production of the main product based on the production plan, the structure of the main product, and the inventory situation
SAMRefers toSecure Access Module, a module used for encrypting and decrypting identity card information
ISO14001Refers toInternational standards for environmental management systems developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
Frost & SullivanRefers toFrost & Sullivan Consulting, an independent third-party industry research and analysis institution. The Company purchased the professional report "Independent Market Research of the Global and Chinese Biometric Industry" from Frost & Sullivan
SMTRefers toSurface Mount Technology, a circuit assembly technology used to install surface mounted components without pins or with short leads on the surface of printed circuit boards (PCBs) or other substrates, and then solder and assemble them through methods such as reflow soldering or immersion soldering
PCBRefers toPrinted Circuit Board, a substrate used for assembling electronic components
PCBARefers toPrinted Circuit Board Assembly, the process of soldering components onto a PCB substrate to form a printed circuit board (PCB)
asmagRefers toA professional industry media company under the Messe Frankfurt Exhibition GmbH, aiming to provide market analysis, technical information, solution evaluation, industry forecasting, etc. for practitioners in smart security, smart life, smart transportation, smart buildings, IT communication, and networking
CNCRefers toComputer Numerical Control Machine Tools, an automated machine tool equipped with a program control system
AIRefers toArtificial Intelligence
AIoTRefers toThe Artificial Intelligence of Things
IoTRefers toInternet of Things
NB-IOTRefers toNarrow Band Internet of Things, NB-IoT
RebateRefers toThe rebate the Company provides to dealers based on the rebate policy and the completion of dealer performance
SDKRefers toSoftware Development Kit
OCRRefers toOptical character recognition, the process of electronic devices (such as scanners or digital cameras) using image processing and pattern recognition techniques to examine characters on images, bills, or certificates and translate them into computer text
CMMI CertificationRefers toCapability Maturity Model Integration Certification

Note: If there is a discrepancy between the total count and the sum of the sub item values in any table of this
annual report, it is due to rounding reasons.
Section II Company Profile and Key Financial Indicators
I. Company Information

Stock AbbreviationZKTECOStock code301330
Chinese name of the Company熵基科技股份有限公司  
Chinese abbreviation of the Company熵基科技  
English name of the Company (if any)ZKTECO CO., LTD.  
English abbreviation of the Company (if any)ZKTECO  
Legal representative of the CompanyJin Hairong  
Registered addressNo.32, Pingshan Industrial Road, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, Guangdong, China  
Postal code of registered address523710  
Historical changes in the registered address of the CompanyThe registered address of the Company has not changed since its listing  
Office addressNo.32, Pingshan Industrial Road, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, Guangdong, China  
Postal code of office address523710  
Company websitewww.zkteco.com  
E-mail[email protected]  
II. Contacts and Contact Information

 Board SecretarySecurities Affairs Representative
NameGuo YanboWang Jia
Contact addressNo.32, Pingshan Industrial Road, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, Guangdong, ChinaNo.32, Pingshan Industrial Road, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
Tel.0769-826188680769-82618868
Fax0769-826188480769-82618848
E-mail[email protected][email protected]
III. Information Disclosure and Place of the Report

Website of the stock exchange where the Company discloses its Annual ReportShenzhen Stock Exchange http://www.szse.cn
Media and website for the disclosure of the Annual ReportSecurities Times, China Securities Journal, Shanghai Securities News, Securities Daily, and CNINFO (http://www.cninfo.com.cn)
Location for inspection of the Annual ReportOffice of the Board of Directors No.32, Pingshan Industrial Road, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
IV. Other Relevant Information
Accounting firm engaged by the Company

Name of the accounting firmBaker Tilly China Certified Public Accountants (Special General Partnership)
Office address of the accounting firmAreas A-1 and A-5, Building 68, No. 19, Chegongzhuang West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
Name of signing accountantsLi Ming, Wang Heli, Han Dongxi
Sponsor engaged by the Company to continuously perform its supervisory function duties during the reporting period
?Applicable □ Not applicable

Name of sponsorOffice address of sponsorName of sponsor representativePeriod of continuous supervision
UBS Securities Co., Ltd.12th floor (F1201-F1210, F1211B-F1215A, F1231- F1232) and 15th floor (F1519-F1521, F1523-F1531) Winland International Finance Center, No. 7 Finance Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, ChinaLuo Yong, Chen ChuanAugust 17, 2022-December 31, 2025
Financial advisor engaged by the Company to perform the duties of continuous supervision during the reporting period
□ Applicable ? Not applicable
V. Main Accounting Data and Financial Indicators
Whether the Company performed a retroactive adjustment or restatement of the previous accounting data
□ Yes ? No

 20222021YoY Change2020
Operating revenue (RMB)1,918,559,191.761,955,286,516.10-1.88%1,801,404,719.51
Net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies (RMB)192,239,793.75170,923,050.9312.47%186,199,319.87
Net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies after deducting non- recurring profits and losses (RMB)189,342,503.20148,069,383.8527.87%176,933,283.12
Net cash flows from operating activities (RMB)124,520,033.1898,120,441.8726.91%144,750,016.32
Basic earnings per share (RMB/share)1.50271.5347-2.09%1.7249
Diluted earnings per share (RMB/share)1.52351.5347-0.73%1.7249
Weighted average return on net assets9.39%13.20%-3.81%17.86%
 At the end of 2022At the end of 2021Increase or decrease at the end of this year compared to the end of the previous yearAt the end of 2020
Total assets (RMB)3,655,960,456.302,082,923,037.2275.52%1,887,758,707.27
Net assets attributable to shareholders of listed companies (RMB)3,057,467,189.681,372,534,346.38122.76%1,216,313,453.59
The lower of the Company's net profit before and after deducting non-recurring profits and losses in the past three fiscal years is
negative, and the audit report in the last year shows that there is uncertainty in the Company's ability to continue as a going concern
□ Yes ? No
The lower of the net profit before and after deducting non-recurring profits and losses is negative
□ Yes ? No
VI. Main Financial Indicators by Quarter
Unit: RMB

 First quarterSecond quarterThird quarterFourth quarter
Operating revenue432,406,206.03492,708,744.13478,423,074.51515,021,167.09
Net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies29,319,200.7340,946,021.2363,927,831.5658,046,740.23
Net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies after deducting non- recurring profits and losses25,767,460.2148,235,370.9560,059,763.7055,279,908.34
Net cash flows from operating activities-17,379,274.58-4,535,927.5220,242,256.25126,192,979.03
Whether there is significant difference between the above financial indicators or their total amount and the financial indicators related
to the disclosed quarterly and semi-annual reports of the Company □ Yes ? No
VII. Differences in Accounting Data under Domestic and Foreign Accounting Standards 1. Differences in net profit and net assets in financial reports disclosed in accordance with international
accounting standards and Chinese accounting standards
□ Applicable ? Not applicable
During the reporting period, there were no differences in net profit and net assets between the financial reports disclosed in
accordance with international accounting standards and Chinese accounting standards. 2. Differences in net profit and net assets in financial reports disclosed in accordance with foreign
accounting standards and Chinese accounting standards
□ Applicable ? Not applicable
During the reporting period, there were no differences in net profit and net assets between the financial reports disclosed in
accordance with foreign accounting standards and Chinese accounting standards. VIII. Items and Amounts of Non-recurring Gains and Losses
?Applicable □ Not applicable
Unit: RMB

ItemAmount in 2022Amount in 2021Amount in 2020Remarks
Losses and gains from disposal of non-current assets (including the offsetting portion of the provision for asset impairment)-353,911.28-196,340.91235,140.02 
Government subsidies included in current profits and losses (except those closely related to the normal business of the Company, which are in line with national policies and regulations and continue to be enjoyed in accordance with certain standards or quotas)12,705,234.7115,928,005.9914,327,480.98Mainly due to a slight decrease in government subsidies compared to the previous period
Capital occupancy fees charged to non- financial enterprises included in current profits and losses50,026.1345,991.54351,467.39 
In addition to the effective hedging business related to the normal business of the Company, the profits and losses from fair value changes arising from the holding of trading financial assets and trading financial liabilities as well as investment income from the disposal of trading financial assets, trading financial liabilities and available-for-sale financial assets-5,791,116.419,453,151.111,781,679.15Mainly due to investment gains and losses and changes in fair value generated by partial forward exchange settlement to hedge against exchange rate fluctuations risk
Other non-operating income and expenses other than the above items-2,833,347.63-695,883.75-681,878.78 
Other profit and loss items that meet the definition of non- recurring profits and losses  -5,095,672.54 
Less: income tax impact722,071.621,079,847.301,456,198.56 
Minority interest impact (after tax)157,523.35601,409.60195,980.91 
Total2,897,290.5522,853,667.089,266,036.75--
Details of other profit and loss items that meet the definition of non-recurring profits and losses:
□ Applicable ? Not applicable
The Company has no specific situation of other profit and loss items that meet the definition of non-recurring profits and losses.
Description on defining the non-recurring profit and loss items listed in the "Explanatory Announcement for Information Disclosure
by Companies that Issue Securities to the Public No. 1 - Non-recurring Profits and Losses" as recurring profit and loss items
□ Applicable ? Not applicable
The Company has no situation where the non-recurring profit and loss items listed in the "Explanatory Announcement for
Information Disclosure by Companies that Issue Securities to the Public No. 1 - Non-recurring Profits and Losses" are defined as
recurring profit and loss items.

Section III Management Discussion and Analysis
I. Industry situation of the Company during the reporting period (I) Basic situation of the industry of the Company
The Company is an international enterprise in the field of multimodal "Computer Vision and Biometrics" (BioCV), and is a
national high-tech enterprise specializing in providing smart entrance and exit management, smart identity verification, smart office
products and solutions. The Company is mainly committed to integrating core biometric technologies such as fingerprints, palm veins,
facial features, veins, and iris with computer vision, radio frequency, IoT, and other technologies. It provides smart terminals, industry
application software, and platforms with identity recognition and verification functions to multiple fields such as commerce,
transportation, finance, education, healthcare, and government affairs. Relying on the global ecosystem of R&D, manufacturing, and sales services, the Company actively deploys the field of smart
retail cloud services while deeply cultivating the three major business sectors of smart entrance and exit, smart identity verification,
and smart office, providing digital products and services for users in the public service field, enterprises, and personal users.
The downstream end users of the Company involve numerous industries, diverse customer types and a wide range of application
scenarios. Therefore, there is no obvious periodicity.
(II) Industry development status of the main application areas of the products 1. Global biometric industry situation in 2022
(1) Global market overview
In 2022, despite the influence of many factors such as domestic and international economic situation, Trade disputes between
China and the United States, Russia-Ukraine conflict and so on, the global biometric technology application market would continue to
develop at a high speed. In 2022, the global biometric market size would be USD 33.2 billion, and it is expected to reach USD 87.4
billion in 2028, with a compound annual growth rate of 17.36%. (Data source: IMARC Group) (2) Global development of biometric technology
In the global biometric market structure, fingerprint recognition (58% share) and facial recognition (18% share) still dominate,
followed closely by iris recognition (7% share), and vein recognition, voiceprint recognition, and signature recognition have also made
some progress in market share. The multimodal biometrics driven by this has gradually become a true mainstream application due to
its higher accuracy and reliability. (Data source: Chinese Academy of Industry Economy Research) The performance of hybrid biometrics in the market is outstanding, especially in member self-service scenarios such as retail,
catering, and FMCG chains. Multiple retailers around the world have launched self-service retail solutions, all of which combine hybrid
biometrics identification with computer vision, greatly improving customers' offline shopping experience. AI showcases its skills in
smart consumption scenarios from the virtual interaction between front-end perception smart devices and brands in four dimensions of
sound, text, video, and image.
(3) The application situation of the global biometric industry The main application entities in the international biometric market, sorted by market size, are: government (including police),
military, finance and banking, consumer electronics, health, commercial security, and logistics. The main application scenarios for global biometrics in 2022 are non-contact applications, mixed online and offline identity
authentication, while others are still dominated by traditional applications, continuing the trend of application in recent years.
The market acceptance of biometric technology has also greatly improved. In May 2022, a survey led by VISA showed that 86%
of consumers approve of using biometric technology for identity authentication and online payments, 70% of consumers gave the
reason that biometric authentication is more convenient, and 46% of consumers believe that biometric authentication is much safer
than various passwords. The increase in market acceptance has laid a solid foundation for the wider application of biometric technology
in the future. Multiple banks have launched biometric payment credit cards, which have performed outstandingly in the international
market. In addition, due to the surging trend of digital currency, the physical offline encryption "hardware wallets" of digital currency
have all used biometric technology without exception, becoming a beautiful scenery. The biometric technology develops towards diversification. According to a report by Grand View Research, a leading research
organization in the United States, "Analyzing the Size, Share, and Trend of the Medical Biometric Market from the Perspective of
Technology (Facial Recognition, Fingerprint Recognition, Iris Recognition, Vein Recognition) and Segmentation Prediction from 2013
to 2024". The report shows that the global medical biometric market is expected to reach USD 11.7 billion by 2024. According to CB
Insights' Industry Analyst Consumer research, the global market for automotive biometric technology is expected to reach USD 303
million by 2024, with a compound annual growth rate of nearly 17%. Due to the significant differences in accuracy, security, stability,
recognition speed, convenience, cost, power consumption, and other aspects among different biometric technologies, they also have
their own unique characteristics and advantages and disadvantages in different application fields. We believe that the integration of (未完)
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